|
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Revelation: The History Of Christianity DVD, Video Download, USB
Drive
(#JCKaelin here: Meet Sr. Miriam Teresa
Demjanovich, patron saint of EarthStation1 MediaOutlet, born on
the same date 95 years earlier as EarthStation1 MediaOutlet, born
in the same Constable Hook section of Bayonne that we have been
located in since 2005, and whose parish was Saint John The Baptist
Byzantine Catholic Church, on the same block that nearly all of
our customer's orders have been shipped from since 2001. We Love
Her :) ) ========= May 8: Feast Day Of Blessed Teresa Demjanovich
(Ruthenian Catholic Church): -- May 8, 1927: #DOTD: #RIP: St.
Teresa Demjanovich, American Ruthenian Greek Catholic Sister of
Charity who was beatified by the Catholic Church in 2014, of whom
favors and cures attributed to her intercession are continually
being reported as recently as 2022 (b. March 26, 1901) #dies of
appendicitis in St. Elizabeth Hospital in Elizabeth, New Jersey,
aged 26. In December 1926, after a tonsillectomy at St. Joseph
Hospital in Paterson, New Jersey, she returned to her convent at
The Sisters Of Charity Of Saint Elizabeth in Convent Station, New
Jersey, but could barely walk to her room. After a few days.
Demjanovich asked if she could return to the infirmary.
Demjanovich's superior, skeptical that someone so young could be
so sick, told her, "Pull yourself together." When
Bradley saw how sick she was, he notified her brother, who called
one of their sisters, a nurse. When Demjanovich's sister arrived
at the convent, she took Demjanovich to St. Elizabeth Hospital In
Elizabeth, New Jersey, where Demjanovich was diagnosed with
"physical and nervous exhaustion, with myocarditis and acute
appendicitis" , and she spent several months in St. Elizabeth
Hospital as her doctors sought the cause of her illness. Doctors
were concerned that she was not strong enough for an operation,
and her condition worsened. In light of her deteriorating
condition, Demjanovich was allowed on on April 2, 1927, to take
her profession of permanent religious vows, made "in periculo
mortis" (Latin: "in danger of death"). She was at
last operated on for appendicitis on May 6, and died two days
later on May 8, 1927. Her funeral was held May 11, 1927 at Holy
Family Chapel in Convent Station, New Jersey, and she was buried
at Holy Family Cemetery on the grounds of her order's motherhouse.
Miriam Teresa Demjanovich was born Teresa Demjanovich in the
center of the Constable Hook section of Bayonne at 217 East 22nd
Street, located beside where as of 2024 Walmart is located, in the
Bayonne Crossing Shopping Center off of New Jersey Route 440
[NJ-440], alongside the same oil refinery facilities that she grew
up beside, born in a community of Ruthenian immigrants to the
United States from what is now eastern Slovakia, the youngest of
the seven children of Ruthenian immigrants Alexander Demjanovich
and Johanna Suchy. She received Baptism, Chrismation, and First
Holy Communion in the Ruthenian Rite of her parents. She completed
her grammar school education by the age of eleven, and received
her high school diploma in January 1917, from Bayonne High School
when it was located at 95 West 31 Street (a building since
repurposed as Dr. Walter F. Robinson Community School No. 3;
Bayonne High School is as of 2024 at 667 Avenue A Bayonne, NJ). At
this time, she wished to become a Carmelite, but stayed in the
family home to care for her sick mother. After her mother died in
The Spanish Flu Epidemic of November 1918 (The 1918-1920 Flu
Pandemic, The Great Influenza Epidemic), she was encouraged by her
family to attend the College of Saint Elizabeth at Convent
Station, New Jersey. She began her college career in September
1919, majoring in literature, and graduated with highest honors in
June 1923. It is claimed that Demjanovich desired a religious
life, but various circumstances made her uncertain which community
she should enter. Meanwhile, she accepted a teaching position at
the Academy of Saint Aloysius in Jersey City. During her time at
the college, many individuals remarked on her humility and genuine
piety. She could be found kneeling in the college chapel at all
hours and was very devoted to praying the rosary. Demjanovich was
part of the Saint Vincent de Paul Parish choir, the Sodality of
Our Lady, and a parish community associated with the National
Catholic Welfare Conference. During the summer and fall of 1924,
Teresa prayed to discern the direction of her life. She visited
the Discalced Carmelite nuns in The Bronx, New York. Because of
several health issues including headaches, the Sisters suggested
that Demjanovich wait a few years before applying. After
consulting with her family, the Sisters then suggested that
Demjanovich use her education to serve God in a teaching order.[5]
For the Feast of the Immaculate Conception that year, Demjanovich
made a novena and at its conclusion on December 8, decided she was
called to enter the Sisters of Charity of St. Elizabeth.
Demjanovich planned to enter the convent on February 2, 1925, but
her father caught a cold and died on January 30. Her entrance was
delayed until February 11, 1925, the Feast of Our Lady of Lourdes.
Her brother, Fr. Charles Demjanovich, and two sisters, accompanied
her to the convent. Demjanovich was admitted to the novitiate of
the religious congregation and received the religious habit on May
17, 1925. She never received an official transfer of rite, and
remained a Byzantine Rite Catholic while serving as a religious
sister in a Latin Church congregation. As a postulant and novice,
Demjanovich taught at the Academy of Saint Elizabeth in Convent
Station during 1925-1926. In June 1926, her spiritual director,
Father Benedict Bradley, O.S.B., asked her to write the
conferences for the novitiate. She wrote 26 conferences which,
after her death, were published in a book, Greater Perfection. The
Sisters of Charity petitioned Rome for permission to open a cause
for her beatification because of Demjanovich's saintly life, her
striving for perfection in her religious life, spiritual writings,
and the favors received by others after her death through her
intercession with God. In the latter part of 1945, a communication
was received from the Holy See authorizing Thomas H. McLaughlin,
Bishop of the Diocese of Paterson, in which the motherhouse of the
Sisters of Charity is located, to institute an ordinary
informative process concerning Demjanovich's life and virtues.
Rev. Stephen W Findlay, O.S.B, of the Delbarton School, near
Morristown, New Jersey, was appointed procurator, and the official
investigation began early in 1946. The Sister Miriam Teresa League
of Prayer was founded in the summer of 1946 to spread the
knowledge of her life and mission, and to work for the cause of
her beatification. The headquarters for the League is located in
the Administration Building of the Sisters of Charity of St.
Elizabeth. Silvia Correale is the present Postulator for the Cause
of Sister Miriam Teresa in the Congregation for the Causes of
Saints. On Thursday, May 10, 2012, Demjanovich was proclaimed
venerable by Pope Benedict XVI. On December 17, 2013, Pope Francis
approved the attribution of miraculous healing to the intercession
of Demjanovich, opening the way to her beatification. The cause of
her beatification involved the restoration of perfect vision to a
boy who had gone legally blind because of macular degeneration.
Msgr. Giampaolo Rizzotti of the Congregation for the Causes of the
Saints added that the miracle took place in 1964. Demjanovich was
beatified at a ceremony on October 4, 2014, held at the Cathedral
Basilica of the Sacred Heart in Newark. This was the first time a
beatification had ever been held in the United States. In 2017,
Stanley Rother and Solanus Casey would become the second and third
Americans to be beatified in the United States. The following day,
Kurt Burnette, Bishop of the Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Passaic
to which Demjanovich belonged, presided at a Divine Liturgy at the
parish of her baptism, Saint John The Baptist Byzantine Catholic
Church in Bayonne, established in 1897 at 15 E 26th St in Bayonne,
New Jersey, triangulated around the corner from the main United
States Postal Service center on Broadway. The current St. John's
was built on the site of the original St. John's Church Of The
Byzantine Ruthenian Rite, the church the Demjanovich family
attended; it was destroyed by fire, and the family attended St.
Vincent De Paul Catholic Church at 984 Avenue C, Bayonne, New
Jersey after the fire. The Blessed Miriam Teresa Demjanovich
Parish church is now considered her and her family's own home
parish. St. Miram Theresa Park in Bayonne is named after and
dedicated to her, located three blocks directly south of St.
John's, with a large rough-hewn grey ashlar headstone monument
with her name on it located on the south-east side facing
north-west, a park running the whole length of Gregg Lane, between
E. 24th and E. 24rd St., adjacent to Avenue E. On January 1, 2016,
The Blessed Miriam Teresa Demjanovich Parish was established in
Bayonne, a merger of two Roman Catholic churches into one parish:
1) St. Mary, Star Of The Sea Roman Catholic Church at 326 Avenue C
(founded in 1861 by James Callan (#JCKaelin here: I was born James
Kaelin in 1961, EarthStation1 MediaOutlet and I are located three
blocks from St. Mary's) and 2) St. Andrew The Apostle Roman
Catholic Church at 2 West 4th Street at the intersection of
Broadway. According to Sister Marian Jose, S.C., Vice Postulator
of the Cause of Sister Miriam Teresa, Demjanovich's "message"
is that "everyone is called to holiness." Saint Mary's
Catholic Church in Dumont, New Jersey has a newly commissioned
painting of Sister Miriam Teresa Demjanovich by Juan Pablo
Esteban, a seminarian and artist. The portrait will hang in the
vestibule area of the church. A first-class relic of Blessed
Miriam Teresa is part of the Treasures of the Church Exposition.
On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/revelation-the-history-of-christianity-documentary.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Occult
History Of The Third Reich DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
(#JCKaelin here: Even Albert Einstein
acknowledged her Wisdom by asserting that whenever he could not
find a solution to a given problem, he'd resort to The Cosmic
Doctrine by Madame Blavatsky ; ) . ) ========= May 8: White Lotus
Day -- May 8, 1891: #DOTD: #RIP: Helena Blavatsky, Russian-English
mystic, theosophist, scholar and author (b. August 12, 1831) #dies
in the afternoon at the home of Annie Besant at 19 Avenue Road in
St. John's Wood, London of the global 1889-1890 Flu Pandemic
caused by the Asiatic Flu, also called the Russian Flu, a date
thereafter celebrated as White Lotus Day by Theosophists.
According to Gary Lachman, better known as the Bayonne, New Jersey
born bassist for the rock band Blondie, Gary Valentine, her body
was cremated at Woking Crematorium on May 11, 1891. Her ashes are
interred at The Theosophical Society Adyar in Chennai (Madras),
Tamil Nadu, India; part of ashes interred under her statue in
Adyar. ========= Helena Blavatsky (nee Hahn von Rottenstern),
often known as Madame Blavatsky, Russian-English mystic,
occultist, theosophist, philosopher, scholar and author who
co-founded the Theosophical Society in 1875, was born Helena
Petrovna von Hahn in the town of Yekaterinoslav (modern Dnipro),
then part of the Russian Empire (now part of Ukraine). Helena
Petrovna Blavatsky (Russian: Yelena Petrovna Blavatskaya) gained
an international following as the leading theoretician of
Theosophy, the esoteric religion that the society promoted. Born
into an aristocratic Russian-German family in Yekaterinoslav,
Ukraine, Blavatsky traveled widely around the Russian Empire as a
child. Largely self-educated, she developed an interest in Western
esotericism during her teenage years. According to her later
claims, in 1849 she embarked on a series of world travels,
visiting Europe, the Americas, and India, claiming that during
this period she encountered a group of spiritual adepts, the
"Masters of the Ancient Wisdom", who sent her to
Shigatse, Tibet, where they trained her to develop a deeper
understanding of the synthesis of religion, philosophy and
science. Both contemporary critics and later biographers have
argued that some or all of these foreign visits were fictitious,
and that she spent this period in Europe. By the early 1870s,
Blavatsky was involved in the Spiritualist movement; although
defending the genuine existence of Spiritualist phenomena, she
argued against the mainstream Spiritualist idea that the entities
contacted were the spirits of the dead. Relocating to the United
States in 1873, she befriended Henry Steel Olcott and rose to
public attention as a spirit medium, attention that included
public accusations of fraudulence. In New York City, Blavatsky
co-founded the Theosophical Society with Olcott and William Quan
Judge in 1875. In 1877 she published Isis Unveiled, a book
outlining her Theosophical world-view. Associating it closely with
the esoteric doctrines of Hermeticism and Neoplatonism, Blavatsky
described Theosophy as "the synthesis of science, religion
and philosophy", proclaiming that it was reviving an "Ancient
Wisdom" which underlay all the world's religions. In 1880 she
and Olcott moved to India, where the Society was allied to the
Arya Samaj, a Hindu reform movement. That same year, while in
Ceylon she and Olcott became the first Westerners to officially
convert to Buddhism. Although opposed by the British
administration, Theosophy spread rapidly in India but experienced
internal problems after Blavatsky was accused of producing
fraudulent paranormal phenomena. Amid ailing health, in 1885 she
returned to Europe, there establishing the Blavatsky Lodge in
London. Here she published The Secret Doctrine, a commentary on
what she claimed were ancient Tibetan manuscripts, as well as two
further books, The Key to Theosophy and The Voice of the Silence.
She died of influenza. Blavatsky was a controversial figure during
her lifetime, championed by supporters as an enlightened guru and
derided as a fraudulent charlatan and plagiarist by critics. Her
Theosophical doctrines influenced the spread of Hindu and Buddhist
ideas in the West as well as the development of Western esoteric
currents like Ariosophy, Anthroposophy, and the New Age Movement.
========= White Lotus Day is a celebration that encourages
meditation about the metaphor of the lotus. The Lotus (Greek) is a
most occult plant, sacred in Egypt, India and throughout the world
where the plant grows. A great variety of these plants, from the
majestic Indian lotus, down to the marsh-lotus (bird's foot
trefoil) and the Grecian "Dioscoridis", is eaten at
Crete and other islands. It was first introduced to Egypt, to
which it was not indigenous from India. The lotus is born under
the mud, growing through the water to achieve the surface, and
therefore the air and the light of sun. This growth is identified
with man's life, born in earth but desiring the elevation to the
air; representing his middle stage between animals and the
ultimate reality. The seeds of lotus contain (even before they
germinate) perfectly formed leaves, a miniature shape of what they
would become. This flower is often present in eastern religions,
which influence is key in the Theosophical Movement. On Sale @ 15%
Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/the-occult-history-of-the-third-reich-4-part-tv-series-2-dv42.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Maria
Callas: An Operatic Biography 1988 DVD, MP4 Download, USB Drive
May 8: National Maria Day: -- A day to
honor anyone and everyone named Maria. Maria is the feminine form
of the Roman name Marius. It also has roots in the Hebrew
language, where it means 'bitter' or 'rebellious,' and is derived
from Maryam or Mariam. Following Christianity's dissemination
across the Roman Empire, Maria became the Latinized form of Mary,
the name of the mother of Jesus. Other forms of the name include
Mariah, Marie, Marija, and Mariya. The name Maria has been popular
since the 1800s. While predominantly used as a female name, there
are some male Marias, most of them born in the 1980s. The name
isn't linked to a particular country because of its Christian
origins, so it's used in every country with a large Christian
population. Maria is America's 18th most popular name, with an
estimated population of 1,711,118. According to 100 years' worth
of data from the U.S. Social Security Administration (S.S.A.),
Maria is used as a female name, primarily as a first name, 99% of
the time. In addition, there are 536.64 Marias for every 100,000
Americans. Most people (66.7%) sharing the name are Hispanic,
while others are White (26.3%), Black (2.7%), Asian or Pacific
Islander (2.8%), mixed race (0.4%), and American Indian or Alaskan
Native (0.4%). As such, you're more likely to meet a Hispanic
person named Maria than a White one with the same name. In the
U.S., California has the most residents - 514,594, to be exact -
named Maria. It's also the state where you are most likely to meet
one because 1326.19 out of every 100,000 Californians bear the
name. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/maria-callas-an-operatic-biography-1988-dvd-mp4-download-usb-19884.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: TV
Commercials: The Classics Vol. 6 DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
May 8: National Give Someone A Cupcake
Day: -- Celebrated by Americans across the United States, on this
day people give either bakery-bought or homemade cupcakes to their
coworkers, colleagues, teachers, bosses, and anyone else they
share their life with. Cupcakes have been around for centuries,
but their popularity and design are recent. The baking of cakes in
cups - due to the lack of what today we call muffin tins - was
what originated the name of the treat. These delicious sweets are
meant for one person and can be frosted with vanilla or chocolate
frosting and sprinkles. However, bakers have improved the
decoration of their cupcakes by creating different flavors of
frosting and utilizing other sorts of toppings, such as candies
and even edible flowers! Since 2005, cupcake-exclusive bakeries
have opened in the United States. It's estimated around 500 of
them are spread across the country. These bakeries make cupcakes
decorated in specific ways to be used as part of the decoration of
parties, graduations, weddings, and other events. The decorations
take more than just frosting and usually involve more than one
baker to create toppings with rice treats and fondant, a sort of
moldable sugar paste. Cupcakes are filled with frosting itself,
fruits, or other creams. Some of the most famous combinations of
batter and filling are red velvet with cream cheese and carrot
cake with chocolate frosting. Other bakers also use raisins, nuts,
chocolate chips, and berries to add texture to the cake batter.
There are also recipes for mug cakes, which are cupcakes you can
bake in a microwave. Those usually aren't decorated, though, and
are eaten while they're still hot. Some people like to add an ice
cream scoop to the top to add extra flavor. On Sale @ 15% Off
Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/tv-commercials-the-classics-vol-6-dv6.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
American Adventure: TV History Series 1607-1876 DVD MP4 USB Drive
May 8: Jamestown Day: -- The Colonial
History Of The United States: The British Colonization Of The
Americas: The Colony Of Virginia: The Jamestown, Virginia Colony
(1607-1624): -- May 14, 1607: The British Colonization Of The
Americas: Jamestown, Virginia, the earliest permanent English
settlement in the Americas, is established as an English colony by
the Virginia Company Of London as "James Fort"; despite
May 14 being the actual date of the founding of Jamestown,
Jamestown Day is commemorated on May 8. Jamestown was established
on the northeast bank of the James River, about 2.5 mi (4 km)
southwest of the center of modern Williamsburg, and was considered
permanent after a brief abandonment in 1610. It followed several
failed attempts, including the Lost Colony of Roanoke, established
in 1585 on Roanoke Island, later part of North Carolina. Jamestown
served as the colonial capital from 1616 until 1699. Despite the
dispatch of more settlers and supplies, including the 1608 arrival
of eight Polish and German colonists and the first two European
women, more than 80 percent of the colonists died in 1609-10,
mostly from starvation and disease. On April 5, 1614, Pocahontas,
a Native American woman notable for her association with the
colonial settlement at Jamestown, Virginia, married English
colonist John Rolfe in Virginia. Pocahontas (born Matoaka, known
as Amonute, c. 1596 - March 1617) was the daughter of Powhatan,
the paramount chief of a network of tributary tribal nations in
the Tsenacommacah, encompassing the Tidewater region of Virginia.
In mid-1610, the survivors abandoned Jamestown, though they
returned after meeting a resupply convoy in the James River. In
August 1619, the first recorded slaves from Africa to British
North America arrived in what is now Old Point Comfort near the
Jamestown colony, on a British privateer ship flying a Dutch flag.
The approximately 20 Africans from present-day Angola had been
removed by the British crew from the Portuguese slave ship Sao
Joao Bautista. They most likely worked in the tobacco fields as
slaves under a system of race-based indentured servitude. One of
their number included Angela, who was purchased by William Peirce.
The modern conception of slavery in the British colonies was
formalized in 1640 (the John Punch hearing) and was fully
entrenched in the Colony of Virginia by 1660. On March 22, 1622.
The Colony Of Virginia: The Indian Massacre Of 1622 (The Jamestown
Massacre) occurred when Algonquian indians killed 347 English
settlers around Jamestown, Virginia, a third of the colony's
population, during the Second Anglo-Powhatan War. one of three
wars fought between English settlers of the Virginia Colony and
Indians of the Powhatan Confederacy in the early seventeenth
century. The London Company's second settlement in Bermuda claims
to be the site of the oldest town in the English New World, as St.
George's, Bermuda, was officially established in 1612 as New
London, whereas James Fort in Virginia was not converted into
James Towne until 1619, and further did not survive to the present
day. In 1676, Jamestown was deliberately burned during Bacon's
Rebellion, though it was quickly rebuilt. In 1699, the colonial
capital was moved to what is today Williamsburg, Virginia;
Jamestown ceased to exist as a settlement, and remains today only
as an archaeological site, Jamestown Rediscovery. It is known for
its historical significance as the site of the first permanent
English settlement in America. The town is home to several museums
and historical sites, including the Jamestown Settlement and the
American Revolution Museum at Yorktown, which showcase the rich
history of the area. Today, Jamestown is one of three locations
composing the Historic Triangle of Colonial Virginia, along with
Williamsburg and Yorktown, with two primary heritage sites.
Historic Jamestowne[16] is the archaeological site on Jamestown
Island and is a cooperative effort by Jamestown National Historic
Site (part of Colonial National Historical Park) and Preservation
Virginia. Jamestown Settlement, a living history interpretive
site, is operated by the Jamestown Yorktown Foundation, a state
agency of the Commonwealth of Virginia. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount
Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/the-american-adventure-series-us-1st-century-4-dv14.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: From D-Day
To Victory In Europe TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB
May 8: VE Day (V-E Day, Victory In Europe
Day): -- May 8, 1945: The European Civil War: World War II: The
Second European War (The European Theater Of World War II): The
German Instrument Of Surrender (The Capitulation Of The German
State To The Conditions Provided By The Allies, The Fall Of Nazi
Germany, The Fall Of The Third Reich, Victory In Europe): VE Day
(V-E Day, Victory In Europe Day): -- The surrender all German
armed forces unconditionally occurs as the terms of the First
German Instrument of Surrender signed at Reims, France the daily
prior by German Generals Jodl and Keitel takes effect. May 8th is
declared to be Victory In Europe Day among the Western Allies.
Meanwhile, after Soviet leader Joseph Stalin refused to recognize
the German surrender document signed at Reims, the second and
final German Instrument of Surrender was signed on May 8th between
the three armed services of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW)
and the Allied Expeditionary Force together with the Supreme High
Command of the Red Army, with further French and US
representatives signing as witnesses. That document took effect
the day following, May 9th, which is declared to be Victory Day
among the sixteen republics of the former Soviet Union. Thirty
minutes after the fall of "Festung Breslau" (Fortress
Breslau) on May 6, General Alfred Jodl arrived in Reims and,
following Doenitz's instructions, offered to surrender all forces
fighting the Western Allies. This was exactly the same negotiating
position that von Friedeburg had initially made to Montgomery, and
like Montgomery the Supreme Allied Commander, General Dwight D.
Eisenhower, threatened to break off all negotiations unless the
Germans agreed to a complete unconditional surrender to all the
Allies on all fronts. Eisenhower explicitly told Jodl that he
would order western lines closed to German soldiers, thus forcing
them to surrender to the Soviets. Jodl sent a signal to Doenitz,
who was in Flensburg, informing him of Eisenhower's declaration.
Shortly after midnight, Doenitz, accepting the inevitable, sent a
signal to Jodl authorizing the complete and total surrender of all
German forces. At 02:41 on the morning of 7 May, at SHAEF
headquarters in Reims, France, the Chief-of-Staff of the German
Armed Forces High Command, General Alfred Jodl, signed an
unconditional surrender document for all German forces to the
Allies, committing representatives of the German High Command to
attend a definitive signing ceremony in Berlin. General Franz
Boehme announced the unconditional surrender of German troops in
Norway on 7 May. It included the phrase "All forces under
German control to cease active operations at 2301 hours Central
European Time on May 8, 1945.". The next day, Field Marshal
Wilhelm Keitel and other German OKW representatives travelled to
Berlin, and shortly before midnight signed an amended and
definitive document of unconditional surrender, explicitly
surrendering to all the Allied forces in the presence of Marshal
Georgi Zhukov and representatives of SHAEF. The signing ceremony
took place in a former German Army Engineering School in the
Berlin district of Karlshorst; it now houses the German-Russian
Museum Berlin-Karlshorst. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight
PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/from-dday-to-victory-in-europe-dvd-complete-2-part-tv-serie2.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Complete
WWII Films 9 Volume Discount MegaSet MP4 Video Download DVD
May 8 - May 9: The Time Of Remembrance
And Reconciliation For Those Who Lost Their Lives During WWII: --
A 48-hour time in which the nation, and the world, take a step
back, and remember the tragic past, and all the lives lost, so
that we as a society can build a more communal and tolerant world.
Not many people know that the Holocaust was just one of the many
elements that made up the Second World War, with millions of
innocent civilians killed in and out of war. History forms a vital
part of our society as it can influence how we live, how we see
people, experience politics and entertainment, and even what we
choose to do with our lives. One event in history brought so much
pain and devastation that it is often difficult to look back at
it, but we choose to do that so we can face the past and work on
being better humans in our daily lives and as we head into the
future. That event is the Second World War. It began in Europe on
September 1, 1939, with the German invasion of Poland and the
United Kingdom and France declaring war on Germany two days later.
It saw the vast majority of the world's countries, including all
of its great powers, form two opposing military alliances: the
Allies and the Axis powers. They threw their entire economic,
industrial, and scientific capabilities behind their war efforts,
blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources.
Today, the war is considered by many the bloodiest conflict in
human history, resulting in approximately 85 million deaths, the
vast majority of whom were civilians. But that wasn't solely a
result of war and battle; genocides like the Holocaust,
starvation, massacres, and disease killed tens of millions of
people. On November 22, 2004, the U.N. General Assembly declared
May 8 and 9 a Time of Remembrance and Reconciliation for those who
Lost their Lives during WWII inviting all member states,
organizations of the United Nations System, non-governmental
organizations, and individuals to observe either one or both of
these days appropriately to pay tribute to all victims of the
Second World War. The Assembly emphasized that this historic event
established the conditions for the creation of the United Nations,
designed to save future generations from the scourge of war. It
begins on May 8, which is the anniversary of the date the Second
World War allies accepted Nazi Germany's unconditional surrender
and the end of Adolf Hitler's Third Reich. On Sale @ 15% Off
Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/11-disc-wwii-films-dvd-megas11.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Propaganda
Posters JPG Photo + MPG Video DVD-ROM Download
May 8: World Red Cross And Red Crescent
Day: -- A celebration of the basic principles of the International
Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. The day honors the birth
anniversary of the first Nobel Peace Prize winner and founder of
the International Committee of the Red Cross, the great Henry
Dunant. Every year, a theme is designated for observation, as
people all around the world are encouraged to join the cause and
contribute to peace in their own individual ways. We celebrate the
founding principles of the Red Cross Movement on May 8. World Red
Cross and Red Crescent Day recognizes the vital role played by the
staff, volunteers, and members of the International Red Cross and
Red Crescent Movement who have provided critical humanitarian
assistance to communities all around the world. As we progress in
the new century, it becomes clearer that the need for
international forces to relay humanitarian aid has never been
more. With global democracy in peril every day, the disastrous
blows to the world order place the most vulnerable people around
the globe in mortal danger. The Red Cross Movement firmly believes
that all of us have the power to change the world. On May 8, we
honor the unified resolve of millions of selfless volunteers who
have taken the pledge of service. The brave volunteers of the
National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies have been on the
frontline of numerous natural and artificial disasters. Aid has
flowed via the Red Cross in the form of bandaids, stretchers,
blood donations, and practical tools of rehabilitation. Along with
honoring the centuries-long peace-keeping legacy of the movement,
the day also raises public awareness of the prevention and cure of
diseases such as tuberculosis, H.I.V./AIDS, and malaria in
deprived communities. During the live celebration, a musical
concert is organized and educational health messages are broadcast
on national television, reaching millions of people all around the
world. The celebration is supported by the British Red Cross. On
Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/propaganda-posters-cd-jpg-images.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Joan Of
Arc Biography + You Are There Bonus MP4 Video Download DVD
May 8, 1429: The Crisis Of The Late
Middle Ages: The Anglo-French Wars: The Hundred Years' War
(French: Guerre de Cent Ans [1337-1453]): The Battle Of Agincourt:
The Siege Of Orleans: -- Joan Of Arc lifts the Siege Of Orleans,
turning the tide of the Hundred Years' War. On April 29, 1429,
Joan Of Arc arrived to relieve the Siege Of Orleans; on May 7,
1429, she pulled an arrow from her own shoulder and returned,
wounded, to lead the final charge. The Siege Of Orleans (12
October 1428 - 8 May 1429) was the watershed of the Hundred Years'
War between France and England. It was the French royal army's
first major military victory to follow the crushing defeat at the
Battle of Agincourt in 1415, and also the first while Joan Of Arc
was with the army. At a time when the military situation for the
French seemed increasingly bleak, this important victory proved a
decisive turning point in the war. The siege took place at the
pinnacle of English power during the later stages of the war. The
city held strategic and symbolic significance to both sides of the
conflict. The consensus among contemporaries was that the English
regent, John of Lancaster, would have succeeded in realizing Henry
V's dream of conquering all of France if Orleans fell. For half a
year the English and their French allies appeared to be winning
but the siege collapsed nine days after Joan's arrival. On Sale @
15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/joan-of-arc-documentary-mp4-video-download-dv4.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
History Of Jazz A Video Retrospective MP4 Video Download Or DVD
May 8, 1905: #BOTD: #HBD! Red Nichols,
American jazz cornettist, composer, and jazz bandleader who over
his long career recorded in a wide variety of musical styles (d.
June 28, 1965) is #born Ernest Loring Nichols in Ogden, Utah,
United States. His father was a college music professor, and
Nichols was a child prodigy, because by twelve he was already
playing difficult set pieces for his father's brass band. Young
Nichols heard the early recordings of the Original Dixieland Jazz
Band, and later those of Bix Beiderbecke, and these had a strong
influence on the young cornet player. His style became polished,
clean and incisive. In the early 1920s, Nichols moved to the
Midwest and joined a band called The Syncopating Seven. When that
band broke up he joined the Johnny Johnson Orchestra and went with
it to New York City in 1923. New York would remain his base for
years thereafter. In New York he met and teamed up with trombonist
Miff Mole, and the two of them were inseparable for the next
decade. Prior to signing with Brunswick Records, Nichols and Mole
recorded a series of records for Pathe-Perfect under the name The
Red Heads (whose final Red Heads records overlapped his signing to
Brunswick). Nichols had good technique, could read music, and
easily gained session and studio work. In 1926 he and Miff Mole
began a prodigious stint of recording with a variety of bands,
most of them known as "Red Nichols and His Five Pennies".
Very few of these groups were actually quintets; the name was
simply a pun on "Nickel", since there were "five
pennies" in a nickel. "That was only a number we tied in
with my name", Nichols once explained. "We'd generally
have eight or nine [musicians], depending on who was around for
the session and what I was trying to do.". Nichols recorded
over 100 sides for the Brunswick label under that band name. He
also recorded under a number of other names, among them, The
Arkansas Travelers, The California Red Heads, The Louisiana Rhythm
Kings, The Charleston Chasers, Red and Miff's Stompers, and Miff
Mole and His Little Molers. During some weeks in this period,
Nichols and his bands were recording 10 to 12 records. His
recordings of the late 1920s are regarded as the most progressive
jazz of the period in both concept and execution, with
wide-ranging harmonies and a balanced ensemble. However, they were
small-band Dixieland groups, emphasizing collective improvisation
and playing. They were different from Louis Armstrong's Hot Fives
of that period. Nichols' band started out with Mole on trombone
and Jimmy Dorsey on alto sax and clarinet. Other musicians who
played for a time in his bands in the following decade were Benny
Goodman (clarinet), Glenn Miller (trombone), Jack Teagarden
(trombone), Pee Wee Russell (clarinet), Joe Venuti (violin), Eddie
Lang (banjo and guitar), and Gene Krupa (drums). The Five Pennies'
version of "Ida, Sweet as Apple Cider" was a surprise
hit record. It sold over one million copies, and was awarded a
gold disc by the RIAA. Other labels Nichols recorded for included
Edison 1926, Victor 1927, 1928, 1930, 1931 (individual sessions),
Bluebird 1934, 1939, back to Brunswick for a session in 1934,
Variety 1937, and finally OKeh in 1940. In the next decade, swing
eclipsed the Dixieland Nichols loved to play. He tried to follow
the changes, and formed a swing band of his own, but his recording
career seemed to stall in 1932. Michael Brooks writes "What
went wrong? Part of it was too much, too soon. Much of his vast
recorded output was released in Europe, where he was regarded by
early jazz critics as the equal, if not the superior, of Louis
Armstrong and Bix Beiderbecke. People who make fools of themselves
usually find a scapegoat, and when the critics were exposed to the
music of Duke Ellington, Benny Carter, Coleman Hawkins and others
they turned on Nichols and savaged him, trashing him as unfairly
as they had revered him. Nichols' chief fault was an overly stiff,
academic approach to jazz trumpet, but he did recognize merit as
far as other jazz musicians were concerned and made some wonderful
small group recordings.". Nichols kept himself alive during
the first years of the Great Depression by playing in show bands
and pit orchestras. He led Bob Hope's orchestra for a while,
moving out to California. Nichols had married Willa Stutsman, a
"stunning" George White's Scandals dancer, and they had
a daughter. Their daughter came down with polio (misdiagnosed at
first as spinal meningitis) in 1942, and Nichols quit a gig
playing with Glen Gray and the Casa Loma Orchestra, leaving the
music business to work in the wartime shipyards. On May 2, 1942,
Nichols left his band to take an army commission, following
completion of an engagement at Lantz's Merry-Go-Round, Dayton,
Ohio. Unable to stay away from music, Nichols formed a new Five
Pennies band and began playing small clubs in the Los Angeles area
soon after the war ended. Before long the word was out and
musicians began showing up, turning his gigs into jam sessions.
Soon the little club dates were turning into more prestigious
bookings at the chic Zebra Room, the Tudor Room of San Francisco's
Palace Hotel, and Pasadena's posh Sheraton. He toured Europe as a
goodwill ambassador for the State Department. Nichols and his band
performed briefly, billed as themselves, in the 1950 film
Quicksand, starring Mickey Rooney. In 1956 he was the subject of
one of Ralph Edwards' This Is Your Life television shows, which
featured his old buddies Miff Mole, Phil Harris, and Jimmy Dorsey,
who praised Nichols as a bandleader who made sure everybody got
paid. In 1965 Nichols took his Five Pennies band to Las Vegas, to
play at the then-new Mint Hotel. He was only a few days into the
date when, on June 28, 1965, he was sleeping in his suite and was
awakened by paralyzing chest pains. He managed to call the front
desk and an ambulance was summoned, but it arrived too late, and
Red Nichol died at the hotel, aged 60. That night the band went on
as scheduled, but at the center of the band a spotlight pointed
down at an empty chair in Nichols' customary spot. He is buried at
Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles County,
California. The 1959 Hollywood film The Five Pennies, the film
biography of Red Nichols, starring Danny Kaye as Red Nichols, was
very loosely based on Nichols' career. Nichols played his own
cornet parts for the film, but did not appear on screen. The
Paramount movie received four Academy Award nominations. "The
Five Pennies" movie theme song was composed by Sylvia Fine,
the wife of Danny Kaye. Nichols also made a cameo appearance in
the biopic The Gene Krupa Story in 1959. On Sale @ 15% Off
Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/the-history-of-jazz-by-billy-taylor-parts-i-amp-ii-dvd.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Mary Lou
Williams: Music On My Mind DVD, Video Download, Flash Drive
May 8, 1910: #BOTD: #HBD! Mary Lou
Williams, African American jazz pianist, arranger, and composer
(d. May 28, 1981) is #born Mary Elfrieda Scruggs in Atlanta,
Georgia. Mary Lou Williams wrote hundreds of compositions and
arrangements, and recorded more than one hundred records in 78,
45, and LP versions. Williams wrote and arranged for Andy Kirk,
Duke Ellington and Benny Goodman, and she was friend, mentor, and
teacher to Thelonious Monk, Charlie Parker, Miles Davis, Tadd
Dameron, Bud Powell, and Dizzy Gillespie. Mary Lou Williams died
of bladder cancer in Durham, North Carolina at the age of 71.
Dizzy Gillespie, Benny Goodman, and Andy Kirk attended her funeral
at the Church of St. Ignatius Loyola. She is buried in the Calvary
Catholic Cemetery in Pittsburgh. Looking back at the end of her
life, Mary Lou Williams said: "I did it, didn't I? Through
muck and mud." On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/mary-lou-williams-music-on-my-mind-dvd-documentary.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: John
Hammond: Bessie Smith to Bruce Springsteen DVD, MP4, Flash Drive
May 8, 1911: #BOTD: #HBD! Robert Johnson,
African American blues singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. August
16, 1938) is #born Robert Leroy Johnson in Hazlehurst,
Mississippi. Robert Johnson's landmark recordings in 1936 and 1937
display a combination of singing, guitar skills, and songwriting
talent that has influenced later generations of musicians.
Johnson's poorly documented life and death at age 27 have given
rise to much legend. One Faustian myth says that he sold his soul
to the devil at a local crossroads of Mississippi highways to
achieve success. As an itinerant performer who played mostly on
street corners, in juke joints, and at Saturday night dances,
Johnson had little commercial success or public recognition in his
lifetime. After the reissue of his recordings in 1961, on the LP
King of the Delta Blues Singers, his work reached a wider
audience. Johnson is now recognized as a master of the blues,
particularly of the Mississippi Delta blues style. He is credited
by many rock musicians as an important influence; the blues and
rock musician Eric Clapton has called Johnson "the most
important blues singer that ever lived." Johnson was inducted
into The Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame in its first induction
ceremony, in 1986, as an early influence on rock and roll. In
2003, David Fricke ranked Johnson fifth in Rolling Stone
magazine's "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time". Robert
Johnson died at the age of 27 near Greenwood, Mississippi, of
unknown causes. Much mystery and popular legend surround his
death. Johnson's death was not reported publicly. Almost 30 years
later, Gayle Dean Wardlow, a Mississippi-based musicologist
researching Johnson's life, found Johnson's death certificate,
which listed only the date and location, with no official cause of
death. No formal autopsy had been done. Instead, a pro forma
examination was done to file the death certificate, and no
immediate cause of death was determined. It is likely he had
congenital syphilis and it was suspected later by medical
professionals that this may have been a contributing factor in his
death. However, 30 years of local oral tradition had, like the
rest of his life story, built a legend which has filled in gaps in
the scant historical record. Several differing accounts have
described the events preceding his death. Johnson had been playing
for a few weeks at a country dance in a town about 15 miles (24
km) from Greenwood. According to one theory, Johnson was murdered
by the jealous husband of a woman with whom he had flirted. In an
account by the blues musician Sonny Boy Williamson, Johnson had
been flirting with a married woman at a dance, and she gave him a
bottle of whiskey poisoned by her husband. When Johnson took the
bottle, Williamson knocked it out of his hand, admonishing him to
never drink from a bottle that he had not personally seen opened.
Johnson replied, "Don't ever knock a bottle out of my hand."
Soon after, he was offered another (poisoned) bottle and accepted
it. Johnson is reported to have begun feeling ill the evening
after and had to be helped back to his room in the early morning
hours. Over the next three days his condition steadily worsened.
Witnesses reported that he died in a convulsive state of severe
pain. The musicologist Robert "Mack" McCormick claimed
to have tracked down the man who murdered Johnson and to have
obtained a confession from him in a personal interview, but he
declined to reveal the man's name. While strychnine has been
suggested as the poison that killed Johnson, at least one scholar
has disputed the notion. Tom Graves, in his book Crossroads: The
Life and Afterlife of Blues Legend Robert Johnson, relies on
expert testimony from toxicologists to argue that strychnine has
such a distinctive odor and taste that it cannot be disguised,
even in strong liquor. Graves also claims that a significant
amount of strychnine would have to be consumed in one sitting to
be fatal, and that death from the poison would occur within hours,
not days. In their 2019 book Up Jumped the Devil, Bruce Conforth
and Gayle Dean Wardlow suggest that the poison was naphthalene,
from dissolved mothballs. This was "a common way of poisoning
people in the rural South", but was rarely fatal. However,
Johnson had been diagnosed with an ulcer and with esophageal
varices, and the poison was sufficient to cause them to
hemorrhage. He died after two days of severe abdominal pain,
vomiting, and bleeding from the mouth.The LeFlore County
registrar, Cornelia Jordan, years later and after conducting an
investigation into Johnson's death for the state director of vital
statistics, R. N. Whitfield, wrote a clarifying note on the back
of Johnson's death certificate: "I talked with the white man
on whose place this negro died and I also talked with a negro
woman on the place. The plantation owner said the negro man,
seemingly about 26 years old, came from Tunica two or three weeks
before he died to play banjo at a negro dance given there on the
plantation. He stayed in the house with some of the negroes saying
he wanted to pick cotton. The white man did not have a doctor for
this negro as he had not worked for him. He was buried in a
homemade coffin furnished by the county. The plantation owner said
it was his opinion that the man died of syphilis." In 2006, a
medical practitioner, David Connell, suggested, on the basis of
photographs showing Johnson's "unnaturally long fingers"
and "one bad eye", that Johnson may have had Marfan
syndrome, which could have both affected his guitar playing and
contributed to his death due to aortic dissection. The exact
location of Johnson's grave is officially unknown; three different
markers have been erected at possible sites in church cemeteries
outside Greenwood. Research in the 1980s and 1990s strongly
suggests Johnson was buried in the graveyard of the Mount Zion
Missionary Baptist Church near Morgan City, Mississippi, not far
from Greenwood, in an unmarked grave. A one-ton cenotaph in the
shape of an obelisk, listing all of Johnson's song titles, with a
central inscription by Peter Guralnick, was placed at this
location in 1990, paid for by Columbia Records and numerous
smaller contributions made through the Mt. Zion Memorial Fund. In
1990, a small marker with the epitaph "Resting in the Blues"
was placed in the cemetery of Payne Chapel, near Quito,
Mississippi, by an Atlanta rock group named the Tombstones, after
they saw a photograph in Living Blues magazine of an unmarked spot
alleged by one of Johnson's ex-girlfriends to be Johnson's burial
site. More recent research by Stephen LaVere (including statements
from Rosie Eskridge, the wife of the supposed gravedigger, in
2000) indicates that the actual grave site is under a big pecan
tree in the cemetery of the Little Zion Church, north of Greenwood
along Money Road. Through LaVere, Sony Music placed a marker at
this site, which bears LaVere's name as well as Johnson's.
Researchers Bruce Conforth and Gayle Dean Wardlow also concluded
this was Johnson's resting place in their 2019 biography. John
Hammond Jr., in the documentary The Search for Robert Johnson
(1991), suggests that owing to poverty and lack of transportation
Johnson is most likely to have been buried in a pauper's grave (or
"potter's field") very near where he died.
#RobertJohnson #RobertLeroyJohnson #Blues #Singers #Songwriters
#Guitarists #Bluesmen #DeltaBlues #MississippiDeltaBlues
#JukeJoints #BlackMusic #AmericanFolklore #AmericanCulture #MP4
#VideoDownload #DVD On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/john-hammond-from-bessie-smith-to-bruce-springsteen-dvd.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Muhammad
Ali Documentaries And Entire Fights DVD, Download, USB Drive
May 8, 1922 (or as late as 1930): #BOTD:
#HBD! Sonny Liston, African American professional boxer who
competed from 1953 till his death (d. December 30, 1970) is #born
Charles L. Liston in Sand Slough, Arkansas. A dominant contender
who competed from 1953 to 1970, he became world heavyweight
champion in 1962 after knocking out Floyd Patterson in the first
round, repeating the knockout the following year in defense of the
title; in the latter fight he also became the inaugural WBC
heavyweight champion. Liston was particularly known for his
toughness, formidable punching power, long reach, and intimidating
appearance. Although Liston was widely regarded as unbeatable, he
lost the title in 1964 to Cassius Clay (later known as Muhammad
Ali), who entered as a 7-1 underdog. Controversy followed with
claims that Liston had been drinking heavily the night before the
fight. In his 1965 rematch with Clay, Liston suffered an
unexpected first-round knockout that led to unresolved suspicions
of a fix. He was still a world-ranked boxer when he died under
mysterious circumstances in 1970. Underworld connections and his
unrecorded date of birth added to the enigma. The Ring magazine
ranks Liston as the seventh greatest heavyweight of all time,
while the respected boxing writer Herb Goldman ranked him second.
In his book, The Gods of War, Springs Toledo argued that Liston,
when at his peak in the late 1950s and early 1960s, could be
favored to beat just about every heavyweight champion in the
modern era with the possible exception of Muhammad Ali. He was
still a world-ranked boxer when he died in mysterious
circumstances in 1970; found decomposing after his wife returned
to their Las Vegas home after a two week trip, the official cause
of death was given as lung congestion and heart failure caused by
a heroin overdose administered six days prior, but as he was
deathly afraid of needles, murder theories were advanced involving
his employment as the muscle of a loan shark ring, and being
involved with drug dealers who thought he was a police informant.
Underworld connections and his unrecorded dates of birth and death
added to the enigma; Liston signed a contract in September 1953
proclaiming "Whatever you tell me to do, I'll do" to his
(only) financial backers who were all close to underworld figures,
and Liston supplemented his income by working for racketeers as an
intimidator-enforcer. The connections to organized crime were an
advantage early in his career but were later used against him.
There is no official record of Liston's birth, as Arkansas did not
make birth certificates mandatory until 1965, and no Charles (or
Sonny) Liston can be found in the 1930 census, but in the 1940
census, he was listed as 10 years old. Liston himself may not have
known what year he was born, as he was not precise on the matter;
Liston believed his date of birth to be May 8, 1932, and used this
for official purposes, but by the time he won the world title an
aged appearance added credence to rumors that he was actually
several years older; writer Springs Toledo in the September 1,
2012 edition of The Sweet Science concluded that Liston's most
plausible date of birth was July 22, 1930, citing census records
and statements from his mother during her lifetime). The Ring
magazine ranks Liston as the tenth greatest heavyweight of all
time, while boxing writer Herb Goldman ranked him second and
Richard O'Brien, Senior Editor of Sports Illustrated, placed him
third. Alfie Potts Harmer in The Sportster also ranked him the
third greatest heavyweight and the sixth greatest boxer at any
weight. Liston was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of
Fame in 1991. #SonnyListon #ProfessionalBoxers #HeavyweightBoxers
#HeavyweightChampionsOfTheWorld #Champions #AfricanAmericans
#BlackAmericans #BlackPeople #Blacks #AfricanAmericanHistory
#HistoryOfAfricanAmericans #HistoryOfBlackPeople
#HeavyweightBoxing #Heavyweights #Boxing #ProfessionalBoxing
#Sports #SportsHistory #AmericanHistory #USHistory #MP4
#VideoDownload #DVD On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/muhammad-ali--dvd-2-discs-documentaries-and-entire-fight2.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Black
Civil Rights Films: African-American History DVD, MP4, USB Stick
May 8, 1925: Organized Labor: The Labor
Union Movement: The Labor History Of The United States: Labor
Unions In The United States: The American Federation Of Labor
(AFL): The Brotherhood Of Sleeping Car Porters (BSCP): -- The
first African American labor union to receive a charter in the
American Federation of Labor (AFL) and to sign a collective
bargaining agreement with a major U.S. corporation is founded A.
Philip Randolph and Milton P. Webster to represent the Pullman
Porters, the men hired to work for the railroads as porters on
sleeping cars. At its peak, the BSCP gathered a membership of
18,000 passenger railway workers across Canada, Mexico, and the
United States. The leaders of the The Brotherhood Of Sleeping Car
Porters - including A. Philip Randolph, its founder and first
president, Milton Webster, vice president and lead negotiator, and
C. L. Dellums, vice president and second president - became
leaders in the Civil Rights Movement, especially concerning fair
employment, and continued to play a significant role in the
movement after it focused on the eradication of segregation in the
Southern United States. BSCP members such as E. D. Nixon were
among the leadership of local desegregation movements by virtue of
their organizing experience, constant movement between
communities, and freedom from economic dependence on local
authorities; it was E. D. Nixon's personal secretary at the BSCP,
Rosa Parks, who set in motion, at Nixon's suggestion, the
Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1955 that sparked the modern Civil
Rights Movement. Starting shortly after the American Civil War,
George Pullman, sought out former slaves to work on the Pullman
sleeper cars he manufactured for the railroad industry. The job of
these porters was to carry passengers' baggage, shine shoes, set
up and maintain the sleeping berths, and serve passengers. Pullman
porters served American railroads from the late 1860s until the
Pullman Company ceased operations on December 31, 1968, though
some sleeping-car porters continued working on cars operated by
the railroads themselves and, beginning in 1971, Amtrak. The term
"porter" has been superseded in modern American usage by
"sleeping car attendant", with the former term being
considered somewhat derogatory. Until the 1960s, Pullman porters
were exclusively black, and have been widely credited with
contributing to the development of the black middle class in
America. Under the leadership of A. Philip Randolph, Pullman
porters formed the first all-black union, the Brotherhood of
Sleeping Car Porters in 1925. The union was instrumental in the
advancement of the Civil Rights Movement. Porters worked under the
supervision of a Pullman conductor (distinct from the railroad's
own conductor in overall charge of the train), who was invariably
white. In addition to sleeping cars, Pullman also provided parlor
cars and dining cars used by some railroads that did not operate
their own; the dining cars were typically staffed with African
American cooks and waiters, under the supervision of a white
steward. With the advent of the dining car, it was no longer
possible to have the conductor and porters do double duty; a
dining car required a trained staff, and depending on the train
and the sophistication of the meals, a staff could consist of a
dozen men. Pullman also employed African American maids on deluxe
trains to care for women's needs, especially women with children;
in 1926, Pullman employed about 200 maids and over 10,000 porters.
Maids assisted ladies with bathing, gave manicures and dressed
hair, sewed and pressed clothing, shined shoes, and helped care
for children. As a result of a decline in railway transportation
in the 1960s, BSCP membership declined. It merged in 1978 with the
Brotherhood of Railway and Airline Clerks (BRAC), now known as the
Transportation Communications International Union. On Sale @ 15%
Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/black-civil-rights-films-africanamerican-history-dvd.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Classic
Baby Boomer Bloopers Video Collection DVD, Download, USB Drive
May 8, 1926: #BOTD: #HBD! Don Rickles,
American stand-up comedian, actor, voice actor and author (d.
April 6, 2017) is #born Donald Jay Rickles in Queens, New York
City to the Jewish family of Max Rickles of Lithuanian ancestry
and Etta Rickles (nee Feldman; 1898-1984) of Austrian ancestry.
Don Rickles became well known as an insult comic. His prominent
film roles included Run Silent, Run Deep (1958) with Clark Gable
and Kelly's Heroes (1970) with Clint Eastwood, and beginning in
1976 he enjoyed a two-year run starring in the NBC television
sitcom C.P.O. Sharkey. He received widespread exposure as a
popular guest on numerous talk and variety shows, including The
Dean Martin Show, The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson and Late
Show with David Letterman, and later voiced Mr. Potato Head in the
Toy Story franchise. He won a Primetime Emmy Award for the 2007
documentary Mr. Warmth: The Don Rickles Project. Don Rickles died
of kidney failure at his home in Los Angeles, California, at the
age of 90. He is buried at Mount Sinai Memorial Park Cemetery in
Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles, the largest Jewish cemetery
organization in California. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/classic-baby-boomer-bloopers-tv-amp-movie-blooper-outtakes-dvd.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Camelot:
The Beginning JFK Inauguration DVD, Download, USB Flash Drive
May 8, 1928: #BOTD: #HBD! Ted Sorensen,
American lawyer, primary speechwriter for President John F.
Kennedy as well as one of his closest advisers whom President
Kennedy once called his "intellectual blood bank", 8th
White House Counsel (d. October 31, 2010) is #born Theodore
Chaikin Sorensen in Lincoln, Nebraska. Ted Sorensen helped draft
the inaugural address in which Kennedy said famously, "Ask
not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your
country." Although Sorensen played an important part in the
composition of the inaugural address, "the speech and its
famous turn of phrase that everyone remembers was," Sorensen
has stated (counter to what the majority of authors, journalists,
and other media sources have claimed), "written by Kennedy
himself." In his 2008 memoir, Counselor: A Life at the Edge
of History, Sorensen claimed, "The truth is that I simply
don't remember where the line came from." Ted Sorensen died
on Halloween aged 82 at New York-Presbyterian Hospital in New York
City of complications from a stroke he suffered the previous week.
His burial details are not publicly known. On Sale @ 15% Off
Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/camelot-the-beginning-jfk-inauguration-john-chancellor-dvd.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Mahatma
Mohandas Gandhi Documentaries DVD MP4 Download USB Drive
May 8, 1933: India: The History Of India:
The British Raj (Crown Rule In India, Direct Rule In India, India,
The Indian Empire): The Caste System In India: The Dalits (Hindi:
Dalita, "Broken/Scattered") (The Untouchables): The
Hunger Strikes Of Mahatma Gandhi: The Harijan Movement (Hindi:
Harijan Moovament, "Children Of God Movement"): --
Mohandas Gandhi begins a 21-day fast of self-purification and
launched a one-year campaign to help the Harijan Movement (Harijan
in Hindi means "Children Of God"), a political movement
begun and named by Gandhi to improve the lives of the
Untouchables, the lowest social caste in India, now known as
Dalits. Dalits were excluded from the four-fold varna system (the
Hindu system of a social class as a hierarchical caste system) and
were seen as forming a fifth varna, also known by the name of
Panchama (Hindi: "Fifth"). Gandhi spoke out against
untouchability early in his life. In a major speech on
untouchability at Nagpur in 1920, Gandhi called it a great evil in
Hindu society but observed that it was not unique to Hinduism,
having deeper roots, and stated that Europeans in South Africa
treated "all of us, Hindus and Muslims, as untouchables; we
may not reside in their midst, nor enjoy the rights which they
do". Calling the doctrine of untouchability intolerable, he
asserted that the practice could be eradicated, that Hinduism was
flexible enough to allow eradication, and that a concerted effort
was needed to persuade people of the wrong and to urge them to
eradicate it. Gandi's campaign was not universally embraced by the
Dalit community: Leading Indian political leader and Dalit B. R.
Ambedkar Ambedkar and his allies felt Gandhi was being
paternalistic and was undermining Dalit political rights. Ambedkar
described him as "devious and untrustworthy". He accused
Gandhi as someone who wished to retain the caste system because
Gandhi believed that caste or class is based on neither inequality
nor inferiority; while Gandhi champed fusion, choice, and free
intermixing, whileenvisioned each segment of society maintaining
its group identity, and each group then separately advancing the
"politics of equality". Ambedkar and Gandhi debated
their ideas and concerns, each trying to persuade the other. It
was during the Harijan tour that he faced the first assassination
attempt. While in Poona, a bomb was thrown by an unidentified
assailant (described only as a sanatani [someone following their
spiritual duty] in the press) at a car belonging to his entourage
but Gandhi and his family escaped as they were in the car that was
following. Gandhi later declared that he "cannot believe that
any sane sanatanist could ever encourage the insane act... The
sorrowful incident has undoubtedly advanced the Harijan cause. It
is easy to see that causes prosper by the martyrdom of those who
stand for them." Dalits now profess various religious
beliefs, including Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Christianity, and
Islam. Scheduled Castes is the official term for Dalits as per the
Constitution of India. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight
PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/mahatma-mohandas-gandhi-nonviolent-revolution-biography-dvd.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Golden
Age Of Rock 'N' Roll DVD, MP4 Video Download, Flash Drive
May 8, 1940: #BOTD: #HBD! Ricky Nelson,
known professionally after his 21st birthday in 1961 as Rick
Nelson, American teen idol (an expression first coined to describe
him personally), guitarist, drummer and clarinetist, songwriter,
actor on radio, television and motion pictures (d. December 31,
1985) is #born Eric Hilliard Nelson in Teaneck, New Jersey. From
age eight he starred alongside his family in the radio and
television series The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet. In 1957, he
began a long and successful career as a popular recording artist.
His fame as both a recording artist and television star also led
to a motion picture role co-starring alongside John Wayne, Dean
Martin and Angie Dickinson in Howard Hawks's western feature film
Rio Bravo (1959). He placed 53 songs on the Billboard Hot 100, and
its predecessors, between 1957 and 1973, including "Poor
Little Fool" in 1958, which was the first number one song on
Billboard magazine's then-newly created Hot 100 chart. He recorded
19 additional top ten hits and was inducted into the Rock and Roll
Hall of Fame on January 21, 1987. In 1996 Nelson was ranked No. 49
on TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Stars of All Time. Nelson began his
entertainment career in 1949, playing himself in the radio sitcom
series, The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet. In 1952, he appeared
in his first feature film, Here Come the Nelsons. In 1957, he
recorded his first single ("Im Walkin' b/w "A Teenagers
Romance", Verve 10047X4S), debuted as a singer on the
television version of the sitcom, and released the No. 1 album
titled Ricky. In 1958, Nelson released his first #1 single, "Poor
Little Fool". While Nelson preferred rockabilly and uptempo
rock songs like "Believe What You Say" (Hot 100 #4), "I
Got a Feeling" (#10), "My Bucket's Got a Hole in It"
(#12), "Hello Mary Lou" (#9), "It's Late"
(#9), "Stood Up" (#2), "Waitin' in School"
(#18), "Be-Bop Baby" (#3), and "Just a Little Too
Much" (#9), his smooth, calm voice made him a natural to sing
ballads with major success on songs such as "Travelin' Man"
(#1), "A Teenager's Romance" (#2), "Poor Little
Fool" (#1), "Young World" (#5), "Lonesome
Town" (#7), "Never Be Anyone Else But You" (#6),
"Sweeter Than You" (#9), "It's Up to You"
(#6), and "Teen Age Idol" (#5), which clearly could have
been about Nelson himself. In 1959 Nelson received a Golden Globe
nomination for "Most Promising Male Newcomer" after
starring in Rio Bravo. A few films followed, and when the
television series was cancelled in 1966, Nelson made occasional
appearances as a guest star on various television programs. In his
twenties, he moved away from the pop music of his youth, and began
to perform in a more country rock style. After recording several
albums with mostly session musicians, most of which flopped, he
formed the Stone Canyon Band in 1969 and experienced a career
resurgence, buoyed by the live album In Concert at the Troubadour,
1969 and had a surprise hit with 1972's "Garden Party",
which peaked at number six on the Billboard Hot 100. His comeback
was short-lived, however, as his record label was bought out and
folded, and his followup albums were not well promoted by his new
label. He continued to perform live and take small television
roles through the 1970s, though his label dropped him by the end
of the decade. He released two more albums, with unimpressive
results, before his death in De Kalb, Texas aged 45 in a plane
crash on New Year's Eve, 1985, when the Douglas DC-3 on which he
was a passenger crashed into trees, poles, and electrical wires,
when it attempted to make an emergency landing while in flight
between Guntersville, Alabama and Dallas, where he was to perform
a New Year's Eve concert. This particular DC-3 aircraft had a
history of constantly beset by mechanical problems, contrary to
the legendary reliable of this aircraft type. Both pilots survived
the crash, but all seven passengers died. He is buried at Forest
Lawn Memorial Park in Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles County,
California. Nelson was married once, to Sharon Kristin Harmon,
from 1963 until their divorce in 1982. They had four children:
actress Tracy Nelson, twin sons and musicians Gunnar and Matthew,
and actor Sam. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/the-golden-age-of-rock-39n39-roll-dvd-complete-tv-series-5-39395.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Brute
Force: Aircraft Carriers George C. Scott DVD MP4 Video Download
May 8, 1942: World War II: The Pacific
War (The Asia-Pacific War, The Pacific Theater Of World War II):
The Pacific Ocean Theater Of World War II: South West Pacific
Theater Of World War II: Operation Mo (Japanese: Mo Sakusen) (The
Port Moresby Operation): The Battle Of The Coral Sea: -- Aircraft
of the Japanese aircraft carriers Shokaku and Zuikaku sink the
United States aircraft carrier USS Lexington, bringing an end to a
battle which despite being a tactical Japanese victory was
nevertheless a strategic defeat for Japan, her first defeat of the
war. USS Lexington (CV-2), nicknamed "Lady Lex", was an
early aircraft carrier built for the United States Navy. She was
the lead ship of the Lexington class; her only sister ship,
Saratoga, was commissioned a month earlier. Originally designed as
a battlecruiser, she was converted into one of the Navy's first
aircraft carriers during construction to comply with the terms of
the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, which essentially terminated
all new battleship and battlecruiser construction. The ship
entered service in 1928 and was assigned to the Pacific Fleet for
her entire career. Lexington and Saratoga were used to develop and
refine carrier tactics in a series of annual exercises before
World War II. On more than one occasion these included
successfully staged surprise attacks on Pearl Harbor. Lexington
was sent to the Coral Sea to block any Japanese advances into the
area. Lexington was quickly refitted in Pearl Harbor at the end of
March 1942, and returned to the Coral Sea to rendezvous with
Yorktown in the Coral Sea in early May. They sank the light
aircraft carrier Shoho on May 7 during the Battle Of The Coral
Sea, but did not encounter the main Japanese force of the carriers
Shokaku and Zuikaku until the next day, May 8. Aircraft from
Lexington and Yorktown badly damaged Shokaku, but the Japanese
aircraft crippled Lexington. A mixture of air and aviation
gasoline in her improperly drained aircraft fueling trunk lines
(which ran from the keel tanks to her hangar deck) ignited,
causing a series of explosions and fires that could not be
controlled. Lexington was scuttled by an American destroyer during
the evening of May 8 to prevent her capture. The wreck of
Lexington was located in March 2018 by an expedition led by Paul
Allen, who discovered the ship about 430 nautical miles (800 km)
off the northeastern coast of Australia in the Coral Sea. The
Battle Of The Coral Sea, fought from May 4-8, was a major naval
battle between the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and naval and air
forces from the United States and Australia, taking place in the
Pacific Theatre of World War II. The battle is historically
significant as the first action in which aircraft carriers engaged
each other, as well as the first time enemy naval fleets engaged
each other in combat without sighting nor firing directly upon one
another. In an attempt to strengthen their defensive position in
the South Pacific, the Japanese decided to invade and occupy Port
Moresby (in New Guinea) and Tulagi (in the southeastern Solomon
Islands). The plan to accomplish this was called Operation Mo, and
involved several major units of Japan's Combined Fleet. These
included two fleet carriers and a light carrier to provide air
cover for the invasion forces. It was under the overall command of
Japanese Admiral Shigeyoshi Inoue. The U.S. learned of the
Japanese plan through signals intelligence, and sent two United
States Navy carrier task forces and a joint Australian-U.S.
cruiser force to oppose the offensive. These were under the
overall command of U.S. Admiral Frank J. Fletcher. On May 3-4,
1942, Japanese forces successfully invaded and occupied Tulagi,
although several of their supporting warships were sunk or damaged
in surprise attacks by aircraft from the U.S. fleet carrier
Yorktown. Now aware of the presence of U.S. carriers in the area,
the Japanese fleet carriers advanced towards the Coral Sea with
the intention of locating and destroying the Allied naval forces.
On the evening of May 6, the direction chosen for air searches by
the opposing commanders brought the two carrier forces to within
70 nmi (81 mi; 130 km) of each other, unbeknownst to both sides.
Beginning on May 7, the carrier forces from the two sides engaged
in airstrikes over two consecutive days. On the first day, both
forces mistakenly believed they were attacking their opponent's
fleet carriers, but were actually attacking other units, with the
U.S. sinking the Japanese light carrier Shoho while the Japanese
sank a U.S. destroyer and heavily damaged a fleet oiler (which was
later scuttled). The next day, May 8, the fleet carriers found and
engaged each other, with the Japanese fleet carrier Shokaku
heavily damaged, the U.S. fleet carrier Lexington critically
damaged (and later scuttled), and Yorktown damaged. With both
sides having suffered heavy losses in aircraft and carriers
damaged or sunk, the two forces disengaged and retired from the
battle area. Because of the loss of carrier air cover, Inoue
recalled the Port Moresby invasion fleet, intending to try again
later. Although a tactical victory for the Japanese in terms of
ships sunk, the battle would prove to be a strategic victory for
the Allies for several reasons. The battle marked the first time
since the start of the war that a major Japanese advance had been
checked by the Allies. More importantly, the Japanese fleet
carriers Shokaku and Zuikaku - the former damaged and the latter
with a depleted aircraft complement - were unable to participate
in the Battle of Midway the following month, while Yorktown did
participate, ensuring a rough parity in aircraft between the two
adversaries and contributing significantly to the U.S. victory in
that battle. The severe losses in carriers at Midway prevented the
Japanese from reattempting to invade Port Moresby from the ocean
and helped prompt their ill-fated land offensive over the Kokoda
Track. Two months later, the Allies took advantage of Japan's
resulting strategic vulnerability in the South Pacific and
launched the Guadalcanal Campaign; this, along with the New Guinea
Campaign, eventually broke Japanese defenses in the South Pacific
and was a significant contributing factor to Japan's ultimate
surrender in World War II. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/brute-force-aircraft-carriers-george-c-scott-dvd-mp4-video-downloa4.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Vietnam:
The Ten Thousand Day War TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB
May 8, 1963: The Aftermath Of World War
II: The Cold War: The Cold War In Asia: The Indochina Wars: The
Vietnam War (The Second Indochina War, The Vietnam Conflict, The
Resistance War Against America): Protests In Vietnam: The Buddhist
Crisis (Vietnamese: Bien Co Phat Giao): -- The Buddhist Crisis
begins as South Vietnamese soldiers kill nine Buddhists when,
under the orders of Roman Catholic President Ngo Dinh Diem, open
fire on Buddhists in the central Vietnamese city of Hue, who were
defying a ban on the flying of the Buddhist flag as they were
celebrating Vesak, also known as Buddha Purnima and Buddha Day, a
holiday traditionally observed by Buddhists. The Buddhist Crisis
was a period of intense political and religious tension in South
Vietnam between May and November 1963, characterized by a series
of repressive acts by the South Vietnamese government and a
campaign of civil resistance, led mainly by Buddhist monks. The
crisis ended with a coup in November 1963 by the Army of the
Republic of Vietnam, and the arrest and assassination of President
Ngo Dinh Diem on November 2, 1963. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/vietnam-the-10000-day-war-4-dual-layer-dvds-all-13-10000413.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Let It Be
(1970) Beatles Final Film DVD, Video Download, Flash Drive
May 8, 1970: Record Releases: -- The
Beatles release Let It Be, the twelfth and final studio album by
the English rock band the Beatles, almost a month after the
group's break-up, in tandem with the motion picture of the same
name. Like most of the band's previous releases, the album topped
record charts in many countries, including both the US and the UK.
However, the critical response was generally unfavourable, and Let
It Be came to be regarded as one of the most controversial rock
albums in history. Rehearsals began at Twickenham Film Studios in
January 1969 as part of a planned documentary showing the Beatles'
return to live performance. Paul McCartney conceived the project
as an attempt to reinvigorate the band by returning to simpler
rock and roll configurations. The filmed rehearsals were marked by
ill feeling, leading to George Harrison's temporary departure from
the group. As a condition of his return, the members reconvened at
their own Apple Studio with guest keyboardist Billy Preston. The
project then yielded a single public concert held impromptu on the
studio's rooftop on January 30, from which three of the album's
tracks were drawn. In April 1969, the Beatles issued the single
"Get Back", after which engineer Glyn Johns proposed
rejected mixes of the album, then titled Get Back, that were
widely bootlegged before release. From then, the project lay in
limbo as they moved onto the recording of Abbey Road, released
that September. By then, John Lennon had departed the group. In
January 1970, the remaining Beatles finished the album with the
completion of "Let It Be" and "I Me Mine". The
former was issued as a single in March 1970, and like all the
album's recording to this point, was produced by George Martin.
Get Back was ultimately assembled under the title of Let It Be by
the American producer Phil Spector in early 1970. He omitted
"Don't Let Me Down" (the B-side of the "Get Back"
single) and instead included a 1968 take of "Across the
Universe". Spector also included excerpts of studio chatter
and applied orchestral and choir overdubs to four tracks. The
additions offended McCartney, particularly in the case of "The
Long and Winding Road". In 2003, he spearheaded Let It Be...
Naked, an alternative mix of Let It Be that removes Spector's
embellishments. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/let-it-be-1970-the-beatles-dvd-download-usb-flashd1970.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Marshal
Josip Broz Tito Documentary MP4 Video Download DVD
May 8, 1980: The History Of Yugoslavia
(The History Of The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, The
History Of SFRY, The History Of SFR Yugoslavia): The Death And
State Funeral Of Josip Broz Tito: -- Josip Broz Tito, Yugoslav
communist revolutionary, field marshal and political leader, 1st
President Of Yugoslavia (May 7, 1892 - May 4, 1980) is given a
state funeral that draws many world statesmen, with government
leaders from 129 states and, based on the number of attending
politicians and state delegations, at the time it was the largest
state funeral in history, a concentration of dignitaries would be
unmatched until the funeral of Pope John Paul II in 2005 and the
memorial service of Nelson Mandela in 2013. Those who attended
included four kings, 31 presidents, six princes, 22 prime
ministers and 47 ministers of foreign affairs. They came from both
sides of the Cold War, from 128 countries out of 154 UN members at
the time. Reporting on his death, In their May 5, 1980 editoin,
The New York Times commented: "Tito sought to improve life.
Unlike others who rose to power on the communist wave after WWII,
Tito did not long demand that his people suffer for a distant
vision of a better life. After an initial Soviet-influenced bleak
period, Tito moved toward radical improvement of life in the
country. Yugoslavia gradually became a bright spot amid the
general grayness of Eastern Europe." Tito was interred in the
House of Flowers, a mausoleum in Belgrade which forms part of a
memorial complex in the grounds of the Museum of Yugoslav History
(formerly called "Museum 25 May" and "Museum Of The
Revolution"). Numerous people visit the place as a shrine to
"better times". The museum keeps the gifts Tito received
during his presidency. The collection includes original prints of
Los Caprichos by Francisco Goya, and many others. Josip Broz,
commonly known as Tito, died of gangrene in his left leg at The
Medical Centre Of Ljubljana in Ljubljana, the capital city of the
SR Slovenia, SFR Yugoslavia (now Slovenia), three days short of
his 88th birthday. On January 7 and again on January 12, Tito had
ben admitted to Ljubljana's Medical Centre with circulation
problems in his legs. Tito's own stubbornness and refusal to allow
doctors to follow through with the necessary amputation of his
left leg played a part in his eventual death of gangrene-induced
infection. His adjutant later testified that Tito threatened to
take his own life if his leg was ever to be amputated and that he
had to actually hide Tito's pistol in fear that he would follow
through on his threats. After a private conversation with his two
sons Zarko and Miso Broz, he finally agreed, and his left leg was
amputated due to arterial blockages; however, the amputation
proved to be too late. Tito served Yugoslavia in various roles
from 1943 until his death. During World War II, he was the leader
of the Partisans, often regarded as the most effective resistance
movement in occupied Europe. While his presidency has been
criticized as authoritarian and concerns about the repression of
political opponents have been raised, some historians consider him
a benevolent dictator. He was a popular public figure both in
Yugoslavia and abroad. Viewed as a unifying symbol, his internal
policies maintained the peaceful coexistence of the nations of the
Yugoslav federation. He gained further international attention as
the chief leader of the Non-Aligned Movement, alongside Jawaharlal
Nehru of India, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, Sukarno of Indonesia,
and Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana. Broz was born to a Croat father and
Slovene mother in the village of Kumrovec, Austria-Hungary (now in
Croatia). Drafted into military service, he distinguished himself,
becoming the youngest sergeant major in the Austro-Hungarian Army
of that time. After being seriously wounded and captured by the
Imperial Russians during World War I, he was sent to a work camp
in the Ural Mountains. He participated in some events of the
Russian Revolution in 1917 and subsequent Civil War. Upon his
return home, Broz found himself in the newly established Kingdom
of Yugoslavia, where he joined the Communist Party of Yugoslavia
(KPJ). He was General Secretary (later Chairman of the Presidium)
of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1939-1980) and went on
to lead the World War II Yugoslav guerrilla movement, the
Partisans (1941-1945). After the war, he was the Prime Minister
(1944-1963), President (later President for Life) (1953-1980) of
the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY). From 1943 to
his death in 1980, he held the rank of Marshal of Yugoslavia,
serving as the supreme commander of the Yugoslav military, the
Yugoslav People's Army (JNA). With a highly favourable reputation
abroad in both Cold War blocs, he received some 98 foreign
decorations, including the Legion of Honour and the Order of the
Bath. Tito was the chief architect of the second Yugoslavia, a
socialist federation that lasted from November 1942 until April
1992. Despite being one of the founders of Cominform, he became
the first Cominform member to defy Soviet hegemony in 1948 and the
only one in Joseph Stalin's time to manage to leave Cominform and
begin with its own socialist program with elements of market
socialism. Economists active in the former Yugoslavia, including
Czech-born Jaroslav Vanek and Croat-born Branko Horvat, promoted a
model of market socialism dubbed the Illyrian model, where firms
were socially owned by their employees and structured on workers'
self-management and competed with each other in open and free
markets. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
https://store.earthstation1.com/marshal-josip-broz-tito-dvd-yugoslav-revolutionary-president.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Great
Moments From NOVA DVD 1990 Best-Of Collection DVD, Download, USB
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Civil
Props: The Douglas DC-3 DVD, MP4 Video Download, USB Drive
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title:
Remember When: The Image Makers US Advertising w/ Dick Cavett MP4
DVD
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: World
War II Propaganda Cartoons MP4 Video Download 2 DVD Set
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Natural
Disasters Earthquakes Floods Tornados Hurricanes DVD, MP4, USB
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title:
Portrait: The Man From Independence Harry Truman Robert Vaughn MP4
DVD
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title:
Kamehameha I: King Of The Hawaiian Islands MP4 Video Download Or
DVD
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: God
Bless You Mr. Chamberlain: Neville Chamberlain DVD, Download, USB
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Western Tradition TV Series DVD, MP4 Video Download, USB Drive
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Kennedy
V Wallace: A Crisis Up Close: Desegregation Of UoA MP4 Or DVD
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Music
Documentaries III Video Pioneers Tom Waits Turtles DVD, MP4, USB
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: John
Brown Abolitionist Fanatic Documentary DVD MP4 Download USB Drive
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Subterraneans 1960 Leslie Caron George Peppard DVD, Download, USB
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Dirk
Bogarde: Above The Title Documentary + Bonuses MP4 Download DVD
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Forty
Years Of Fine Tuning (1984) WNEW TV Channel 5 DVD, Download, USB
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: War
Crimes The Nuremberg My Lai John Demjanjuk Trials MP4 Download DVD
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Paul
Gauguin Documentaries Set DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
French Revolution Series + Irish Rebellion & You Are There MP4
DVD
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Classic
Baby Boomer Bloopers Video Collection DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: X Minus
One: Sci-Fi Radio Series MP3 DVD, Download, USB Flash Drive
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title:
American Lifestyle Famous Americans TV Series DVD, Download, USB
Drive
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Andrews Sisters Radio Shows MP3 Set CD, Audio Download, USB Drive
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: WABC
Radio Airchecks MP3 Collection 1960s-1980s DVD, MP3 Download, USB
|